SUPERNOVAE
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Name |
Status
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Location |
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Fritz Zwicky Search for Extragalactic Supernovae
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The observations were made between 1991 and 2004.
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In italian observatories.
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Collège de France Supernovae Search
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EROS Collaboration’s Supernova Finding Charts
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The project was developed from 1997 to 1999.
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In observatories from France.
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The LCO IR Supernova Program
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Data was took from 1999 to 2001 in four campaigns.
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Las Campanas Observatory, Chile.
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MACHO Project
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The data capture began in 1992. The web hasn't been updated since 2005.
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In Mt. Stromlo Observatory, Australia.
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Nearby Galaxies Supernova Survey
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The experiment began 1998 and nowadays all the campaigns are finished.
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In NOAO observatories
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Italian Intensive Supernova Program
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The experiment is still taking measures.
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In italian observatories.
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Theoretical Astrophysics Program
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It started in 1996.
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In the University observatories.
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University of Basel's Nuclear Astrophysics
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Universität Basel
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Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope
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The experiment began in 1998 and it is still working.
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Lick Observatory in Mount
Hamilton, California
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Supernova Nexus/High-Z supernova
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The project is still working.
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In Mount Hopkins, Arizona.
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Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Supernovae
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The observations began in 1998. |
The observatory is located in Kitt Peak,
Tucson, Arizona
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Very-Late-Type Spiral and Irregular Galaxy Supernova Search
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Observations began in 1998.
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In the university observatory.
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Supernova cosmology project
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The observations began in 1996.
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In Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
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The Nearby Supernova Factory
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The project began in 2003.
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It is a collaboration between several french and american observatories.
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The Hydrodynamics Group
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The project is being developed nowadays.
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Garching, Germany.
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The Naval Research Laboratory
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The measurings have been developed during a big period of time.
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Washington laboratory.
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NDWFS
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The project began in 2001.
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Mayall telescope in KPNO y Blanco telescope in CTIO.
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ORNL Astrophysics Program
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The project began in 1997.
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The laboratory is located in Oak Ridge,
Tennessee.
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Perth Astronomical Research Group
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The measures began in 1997.
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The laboratory is located in Perth, Australia.
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Puckett Observatory
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The first measure was taked in 1994.
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It is located in North Georgia.
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Supernova Intensive Study
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From 1987 to 2003.
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In Harvard Institute.
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Sternberg Astronomical Institute’s Group
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The last catalogue is from November 2005.
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In Moscow, Russia.
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Internacional Supernovae Network
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Stockholm Observatory Supernova Group
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From 2000 to 2005.
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In the Stockholm Observatory.
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The UK Schmidt Telescope
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From 1987 to the end of 90's.
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In the UK Schmidt Telescope.
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Supernova Science Center
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It is not a very old project, since the 90's.
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In the participating observatories.
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Tenagra Observatories
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Terascale Supernova Initiative
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University of Texas
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There are observations since 1997.
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In Texas, USA.
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University of Tokyo
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University of Tel-Aviv. Wise Observatory
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Carnegie Supernova Project
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The observations began in 2005.
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The data has been taken in Las Campanas Observatory.
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ESSENCE
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The data has been taken in Las Campanas Observatory.
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Supernova/Acceleration Probe |
The SNAP is still in the proposal stages, and has yet to receive final
approval. Should it be approved, the hoped for launch date is 2013.
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Space
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Sloan Supernova Survey
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Running until the end of the year 2007.
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Apache Point Observatory in New Mexico, United States.
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UNION Supernova Survey
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The Union2.1 SN Ia Compilation is coming very soon.
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Texas Supernova Search
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It's working now.
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Supernova Legacy Survey
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It worked between 2003 and 2008.
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Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, Hawaii
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Monte Agliale Supernovae and Asteroid Survey
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Monte Agliale Astronomical Observatory.
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SNEWS (SuperNova Early Warning System)
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Its working now.
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International collaboration.
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Dark UNiverse Explorer (DUNE)
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DUNE has been the object of a pre-study phase (phase 0) by the French
space agency (CNES) and has been selected by the European Space Agency
(ESA) as one of the mission concept to be studied within its Cosmic
Vision Programme.
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Satellite.
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Fritz Zwicky Search for Extragalactic Supernovae
Links: http://www.amnh.org/education/resources/rfl/web/essaybooks/cosmic/p_zwicky.html
Where: In italian observatories.
How: This group detected several supernovae
during its activity. Unfortunately the web page has been cancelled. The
link contains the biography of the astronomer who gave name to the
project, Fritz Zwicky.
When: The observations were made between 1991 and 2004.
Collège de France Supernovae Search
Links: -
Where:
How: The web dedicated to this project has been eliminated and there is no other reference to it in the web.
When:-
EROS Collaboration’s Supernova Finding Charts
Links: http://eros.web.lal.in2p3.fr/SNe/Charts/#0
http://eros.in2p3.fr/
Where: In observatories from France.
How: This
team is focused in MACHOS and supernovae. In the first link the
detected supernovae are commented. The second one directs to the main
page of EROS.
When: The project was developed from 1997 to 1999.
The LCO IR Supernova Program
Links: http://golf.lco.cl/~mmp/sne_ir/index.html
Where: Las Campanas Observatory, Chile.
How: The
link used to connect with the webs of the done observations. They did
not have much information, except for the data of the observation
itself. Now the web has been eliminated and there is no other reference
to the project in the web.
When: Data was took from 1999 to 2001 in four campaigns.
MACHO Project
Links:
http://wwwmacho.mcmaster.ca/
http://wwwmacho.mcmaster.ca/SN/
Where: In Mt. Stromlo Observatory, Australia.
How:The
MACHO Project is a collaboration between scientists at the Mt. Stromlo
& Siding Spring Observatories, the Center for Particle Astrophysics
at the Santa Barbara, San Diego, & Berkeley campuses of the
University of California, and the Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory. The primary aim of it is to test the hypothesis that a
significant fraction of the dark matter in the halo of the Milky Way is
made up of objects like brown dwarfs or planets: these objects have
come to be known as MACHOs, for MAssive Compact Halo Objects. For some
specific observations, they have built a two channel system that
employs eight 2048*2048 CCDs, mounted on the 50 inch telescope at Mt.
Stromlo. The MACHO Project announced the discovery of a background
supernova in one of its LMC fields several years ago.
When: The data capture began in 1992. The web hasn't been updated since 2005.
Nearby Galaxies Supernova Survey
Links: http://www.ctio.noao.edu/~ngss/
http://www.noao.edu/
Where: In NOAO observatories (second link).
How:The
Nearby Galaxies Supernova Survey was an intensive project to search for
and study low-reshift supernovae of all types. Prompted by the results
from the successful Cálan/Tololo survey in the early 90's, two groups
have intensively searched for Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) at high
redshift (z ~ 1). These surveys have produced astounding results about
the parameters of our Universe.
When: The experiment began 1998 and nowadays all the campaigns are finished.
Italian Intensive Supernova Program
Links:
http://web.oapd.inaf.it/supern/iisp/index.html
http://web.oapd.inaf.it/supern/
Where: In italian observatories.
How:This
project aims to coordinate the observational programmes in the field of
SN research carried out with the different, mid-size telescopes
belonging to INAF and other Italian Institutes. The main objectives of
the project are: (1) Broad band photometry in optical (UBVRI) and NIR
(JHK) domains, in order to describe the bolometric luminosity evolution
of the objects from the discovery up to well inside the nebular phase
(~1yr), (2) Low resolution (R~500) spectroscopy in the optical and NIR
during the first months after the explosion, (3) Late-time spectroscopy
and (4) High resolution spectroscopy (R~20000-60000) of the most nearby
objects with the aim to study the interstellar features and to estimate
the absorption toward the SN. The second link is for the Aciago
project, a part of the program.
When: The experiment is still taking measures.
Theoretical Astrophysics Program
Links: http://www.physics.arizona.edu/physics2006/research.php?page=theoretical_astrophysics
Where: In the University observatories.
How: The
University of Arizona is the leader of the project. There is a lot of
activities, like chats and colloquiums, related to it. The Supernovae
is a very important part of the general studies and there is a lot of
students and physicists working on it, looking at the sky using
different methods.
When: It started in 1996.
University of Basel's Nuclear Astrophysics
Links: http://phys-merger.physik.unibas.ch/users/group/
Where: Universität Basel
How: This
university is working in a wide range of cosmology projects, one of
them related with the supernovae.
When:-
Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope
Links:
http://astro.berkeley.edu/~bait/kait.html
Where: Lick Observatory in Mount
Hamilton, California
How: The
Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope (KAIT) is an entirely robotic
telescope dedicated to the search for supernovae and the monitoring of
celestial objects. It is a 76 cm diameter reflecting telescope equipped
with a CCD camera and automatic guider.The KAIT project is led by
Professor Alex Filippenko of the UC Berkeley Astronomy Department. Dr.
Richard Treffers (formerly of UC Berkeley) and Professor Michael
Richmond (currently at the Rochester Institute of Technology) also
devoted several years of effort.
When: The experiment began in 1998 and it is still working.
Supernova Early Warning System
Links:
http://snews.bnl.gov/whatissnews.html
Where:
Observatories all around the world.
How: The
SNEWS project involves an international collaboration of experimenters
representing current supernova neutrino detectors. In addition,
gravitational wave detectors will be involved. The goal of SNEWS is to
provide the astronomical community with a prompt alert of the
occurrence of a Galactic core collapse event.
When:The project began in 2003.
Supernova Nexus/High-Z supernova
Links:
http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/supernova/
(nexus)
Where: In Mount Hopkins, Arizona.
How: Although
they are different projects both of them are related. The Supernova
Nexus, in the Harvard-Smithsonian center for astrophysics (CfA), uses
the MMT, the 1.5m telescope Tillinghast and the 48" telescope in Mt.
Hopkins in order to obtain spectra and images of recent supernovae.The
High-Z SN Search Team is an international group of astronomers
interested in using type Ia supernovae to trace the expansion of the
Universe from the present day to 9 billion years in the Past.
When: The project is still working.
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Supernovae
Links: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002PhDT........13G
Where: The observatory is located in Kitt Peak,
Tucson, Arizona.
How: The
researchers of the Dartmouth University carried on an observing
campaign to map out the near-infrared (NIR) spectral properties of all
types of supernovae (SNe). The bulk of these observations were made
with the TIFKAM infrared spectrograph on the 2.4 m telescope at MDM
Observatory, augmented by observations at other facilities. The NIR
spectra ot these objects are very detailed, they show a lot of emission
characteristics.
When: The observations began in 1998.
Very-Late-Type Spiral and Irregular Galaxy Supernova Search
Links: http://www-pw.physics.uiowa.edu/~cda/snproj/snproj_main.html
Where: In the university observatory.
How: It
is a project directed by the University of Iowa. The main purpose of
this project is to discover new supernovae in very-late-type (Sdm-Sm)
and irregular (Irr) galaxies. The second purpose of this project is to
determine accurate rates of occurance of supernovae of different types
in these types of galaxies as this measurement has never been done
accurately to date. Up to the date, they have detected five important
supernovae.
When: Observations began in 1998.
Supernova cosmology project
Links: http://supernova.lbl.gov/
Where: In Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
How: The
Supernova Cosmology Project, directed from Berkeley's laboratory by
Saul Perlmutter, is one of the most important current experiments
related with supernovas. It works with high infrared frequencies
supernovae. Its observations, which continue nowadays, have given a lot
of useful information. It worths to visit the page.
When: The observations began in 1996.
The Nearby Supernova Factory
Links:
http://snfactory.lbl.gov/index.html
Where:
It is a collaboration between several french and american observatories.
How: The
Nearby Supernova Factory is an experiment designed to collect data on
more Type Ia supernovae than have ever been studied in a single project
before. The contribution of this project is an automated system
consisting of specialized software and custom-built hardware that
systematically searches the sky for new supernovae, screens potential
candidates, then performs multiple spectral and photometric
observations on each supernova. These observations will be stored in a
database to be made available to supernova researchers world-wide for
further study and analysis. The second link directs to the french group
working of this experiment.
When: The project began in 2003.
The Hydrodynamics Group
Links: http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/Hydro/#current
Where: Garching, Germany.
How:
This team is working in the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics.
Their main investigation topic is the neutrinos, but the relationship
between then and the supernovaes has been the reason of this project.
When: The project is being developed nowadays.
The Naval Research Laboratory
Links: http://rsd-www.nrl.navy.mil/7213/weiler/
Where: Washington laboratory.
How: This
laboratory has a wide program of scientific research, related with the
technological developments. It's also analyzing supernovas and remnants of
supernovas. Though it is not very complete, the web can provide some
information because of it good catalogue of the experiments in process.
When: The measurings have been developed during a big period of time.
NDWFS
Links: http://www.noao.edu/noao/noaodeep/
Where: Mayall telescope in KPNO y Blanco telescope in CTIO.
How: The
NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey (NDWFS) is a deep optical and near-infrared
imaging survey that covers two 9.3 square degree fields. It was
designed primarily for the study of the existence and evolution of
large scale structures at redshifts z>1 as sampled by diverse
populations of objects. The survey covers two regions of sky. The 1st
semester field (we call this the Boätes Field) is a 3x3 degree region
near the North Galactic Pole. The 2nd semester field (we call this the
Cetus Field) is a 2.3x4.0 degree equatorial strip roughly 30o from the
South Galactic Pole.
When: The project began in 2001.
ORNL Astrophysics Program
Links: http://www.phy.ornl.gov/astrophysics/astro.html
Where: The laboratory is located in Oak Ridge,
Tennessee.
How:
It is a quite complete observatory that carries on a wide number of
projects. One of it is dedicated to the exploration of the supernovae
field and the reactions that happen in its interior. They use Holifield
Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) in order to measure.
When: The project began in 1997.
Perth Astronomical Research Group
Links: http://www.wa.gov.au/perthobs/research/research_projects.html
Where: The laboratory is located in Perth, Australia.
How: Although
this team is not specialized in supernovae, the Perth Automated
Supernova Search is a search for extra-galactic supernovae in low
redshift spiral galaxies. Their aim is to detect supernovae in an early
evolution phase. They want also to contribute to the current supernovae
list.
When: The measures began in 1997.
Puckett Observatory
Links: http://www.cometwatch.com/
Where:It is located in North Georgia.
How: The
Puckett Observatory is a Private facility owned and operated by Tim
Puckett. It is dedicated to the study of comets and the discovery of
supernovae. Up to the date they have discovered a number of 206
supernovae. It is not a wide catalogue and the group it is not
professional.
When: The first measure was taked in 1994.
Supernova Intensive Study
Links: http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/sins/index.html
Where: In Harvard Institute.
How:
It was an important study group of supernovae but it has been inactive
since 2003. The first measures were done in 1987, when this grupo
detected a supernova who was quite relevant for the cientific world.
When: From 1987 to 2003.
Sternberg Astronomical Institute’s Group
Links: http://www.sai.msu.su/sn/
Where: In Moscow, Russia.
How: This group has developed several works related with supernovae. We can
reach big catalogues through the page in which the one of this group is
included. They are also linked with the International Supernovae
Network because they working on it. This project is studied in the next
entry.
When: The last catalogue is from November 2005.
Internacional Supernovae Network
Links: http://www.supernovae.net/isn.htm
Where: -
How:
This web is a collaboration between amateurs and astronomers worldwide.
The Moscow Institute is helping in the manteinance of the page. The
main goal of the site is its supernovae catalogue because it is vere
updated.
When: -
Stockholm Observatory Supernova Group
Links:
http://www.physto.se/~snova/
Where: In the Stockholm Observatory.
How:
The first link contains all the information about the project that was
developed in Stockholm few years ago (we can find there a little
explanation and some notes). The second link contains the contact
directions of all the people working in the observatory. There is also
information about other projects that this group have developed. This
work team is part of the Supernova Cosmology Project.
When: From 2000 to 2005.
The UK Schmidt Telescope
Links:
http://msowww.anu.edu.au/~brian/UKSSS/UKSSS.html
http://www.aao.gov.au/images/general/supernova.html
Where: In the UK Schmidt Telescope.
How:
Although this telescope it is not specializate in the supernovae,
actually it has detected some, as well as remains of them. There are
three links available. The first is dedicated to the 1996 supernovae
observation and it has a shallow explanation about it. The second one
treats the observations of the supernova remains. Finally, the third
one is the observatory web page.
When: From 1987 to the end of 90's.
Supernova Science Center
Links:http://www.supersci.org/
Where: In the participating observatories.
How: This
project (Scidac) is a collaboration between the University of Arizona,
Los Alamos National Laboratoy, the University of California (Santa
Cruz), the Minnesota University and the Lawrence Livermore National
Labotory. The web is quite well built and contains a lot of interesting
information. Basing in the supernovae observations the group is also
working in stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis. The page is not
updated but it is a good point of information.
When: It is not a very old project, since the 90's.
Tenagra Observatories
Links: http://www.tenagraobservatories.com/
Where: -
How: Tenagra
is an international consortium of observatories distrubuted all around
the world, from USA to Australia, including Norway. It is a very
heterogeneous group of people concerned about the rigorous maintenance
of the observation instruments. This team has made several supernovae
discoveries. Thery are also very advanced in technologic resources.
When: -
Terascale Supernova Initiative
Links: http://www.phy.ornl.gov/tsi/
Where: -
How: The
Terascale Supernova Initiative is a multidisciplinary collaboration of
the Oak Ridge National laboratory, SUNY Stony Brook and the
universities of Illinois Champaign-Urabana, California San Diego,
Wisconsin, Tennessee, Florida Atlantic, North Carolina State, and
Clemson. The main objective is to develop models for core collapse
supernovae and enabling technologies in radiation transport, radiation
hydrodynamics, nuclear structure, linear systems and eigenvalue
solution, and collaborative visualization. The page has not been
updated since 2002.
When: -
University of Texas
Links: http://grad40.as.utexas.edu/~quimby/tss/index.html
Where: In Texas, USA.
How: There
is a group of scientist in this university working in the theoretical
and the observation of the supernovae. In the web page there is
information about the observations that has been made for the group,
and also about the researchers.
When: There are observations since 1997.
University of Tokyo
Links: http://supernova.astron.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/index.html
Where: -
How:
This web is manteined by the Nomoto and Umeda labotories. There is not
much information about supernovae, but we are able to find a list with
the members of this group and links with the papers of them. There is
not a catalogue.
When: -
University of Tel-Aviv. Wise Observatory
Links: http://wise-obs.tau.ac.il/~avishay/
Where: -
How:
This page hasn't been updated in the recent time. It is included here
because it has some explanations about the supernovae clasification and
analysis. All the information is only about the supernovae detected by
this group.
When: -
Carnegie Supernova Project
Links: http://csp1.lco.cl/~cspuser1/CSP.html
Where: The data has been taken in Las Campanas Observatory.
How:
It is a quite interesting page dedicated to the Supernovae. It is
perfectly updated and contains an interesting recent supernovae list.
It is also very complete in the theoretical explanations and the
personal information of the researchers. There are several universities
collaborating.
When: The observations began in 2005.
ESSENCE
Links: http://www.ctio.noao.edu/~wsne/index.html
Where: The data has been taken in Las Campanas Observatory.
How: The
meaning of this name is "Equation of State: SupErNovae trace Cosmic
Expansion " aka "the w project". This was a project dedicated to the
detection of Ia supernovae in a five years period. They were trying to
determinate is the dark energy could be considerated in the
Cosmological Constant theory. In order to discover it they made
observations of the desviation of light and supernovae. If anyone is
interested in the project, all the data and the first conclusions are
available in the link.
When: The data was taken in Las
Campanas observatory.
Supernova/Acceleration Probe
Links: http://snap.lbl.gov/
Where: Space
How: The Supernova/Acceleration Probe (SNAP)
Mission is expected to provide an understanding of the mechanism
driving the acceleration of the universe. The satellite observatory
would be capable of measuring up to 2,000 distant supernovae each year
of its three-year mission lifetime.
When: The SNAP is still in the proposal stages, and has yet to receive final
approval. Should it be approved, the hoped for launch date is 2013.
Sloan Supernova Survey
Links: http://www.sdss.org/supernova/aboutsprnova.html
Where: Apache Point Observatory in New Mexico, United States.
How: Supernova Survey searched for Type Ia supernovae.
The survey rapidly scans a 300 square degree area to detect variable
objects and supernovae. It detected 130 confirmed supernovae Ia events
in 2005 and a further 197 in 2006
When: Running until the end of the year 2007.
UNION Supernova Survey
Links: http://supernova.lbl.gov/Union/
Where: -
How: The SCP "Union2" SN Ia
compilation is an update of the original "Union" compilation, now
bringing together data for 719 SNe, drawn from 17 datasets.
When: The Union2.1 SN Ia Compilation is coming very soon.
Texas Supernova Search
Links:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Supernova_Search
Where: -
How: Texas Supernova Search is one of many ongoing projects to identify and record supernova events. The project is led by Robert Quimby
and to date has found 35 supernovae, 29 of which they were the first to
report on. In addition they have discovered 12 novae (including a
probable LBV), in M31 and M33 and 6 dwarf novae
When: It's working now.
Supernova Legacy Survey
Links:http://cfht.hawaii.edu/SNLS/
Where: Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, Hawaii
How: The Supernova Legacy Survey
Program is a project designed to investigate dark energy, by detecting
and monitoring approximately 2000 high-redshift supernovae.
When: It worked between 2003 and 2008.
Monte Agliale Supernovae and Asteroid Survey
Links:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Agliale_Supernovae_and_Asteroid_Survey
When:-
SNEWS (SuperNova Early Warning System)
Link: http://snews.bnl.gov/
Where: International collaboration.
How: The goal of
SNEWS is to provide the astronomical community with a prompt alert of the occurrence of a Galactic core
collapse event. They are also engaged in cooperative inter-experiment work, such as downtime coordination
and inter-experiment timing verification, designed to optimize global sensitivity to a core collapse
supernova signal.
When: Its working now.
Dark UNiverse Explorer (DUNE)
Link: http://www.dune-mission.net/
Where: Satellite.
How: The Dark UNiverse Explorer (DUNE) is a
wide-field space imager whose primary goal is the study of dark energy
and dark matter with unprecedented precision. For this purpose, DUNE is
optimised for weak gravitational lensing, and will also include Baryonic
Accoustic Oscillations, galaxy clusters and the Integrated-Sachs Wolf
effect as complementary cosmological probes. Immediate secondary goals
concern the evolution of galaxies, the detailed structure of the Milky
Way and nearby galaxies, and the demographics of Earth-mass exoplanets.
When: DUNE has been the object of a pre-study phase (phase 0) by the French
space agency (CNES) and has been selected by the European Space Agency
(ESA) as one of the mission concept to be studied within its Cosmic
Vision Programme.
SUPERNOVAE LISTS
The next links directs to the most representative supernovae lists:
http://web.pd.astro.it/supern/snean.txt
http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iau/lists/Supernovae.html
http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iau/lists/RecentSupernovae.html
-The next link contains an article selection, data and results about the most relevant supernovae:
http://rsd-www.nrl.navy.mil/7213/weiler/sne-home.html
